‘Disease X’ could cause the next pandemic, according to the WHO

The term 'Disease X,' as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), signifies the potential emergence of a severe international epidemic caused by a pathogen not currently recognized to induce human disease.

The recent buzz around 'Disease X' emerged as the WHO conducted a routine pandemic preparation session, with Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus addressing the event alongside various global health figures. Despite the event being a standard practice for pandemic readiness, misinformation circulated on social media, suggesting conspiracy theories related to vaccine mandates and pandemic planning.

Health experts emphasize that such exercises are crucial for identifying strengths and weaknesses in response strategies and refining pandemic preparedness. Dr. Amish Adalja from the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security notes that suggesting these exercises as part of a conspiracy undermines their actual purpose.

The WHO maintains a list of 'priority pathogens' representing significant public health risks due to their epidemic potential. Besides 'Disease X,' notable pathogens on the list include Ebola and Marburg viruses, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Lassa fever, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS), COVID (SARS-CoV-2), Nipah and other henipaviral diseases, Rift Valley fever, and Zika virus.

Each pathogen poses distinct challenges, ranging from viral hemorrhagic fevers to respiratory illnesses. Health officials continually monitor and study these pathogens, developing strategies for effective responses in case of an outbreak.

While publicizing such events is crucial for transparency and oversight, experts argue that responsible planning and coordination among global health organizations are necessary components of effective pandemic preparedness.